ALKANES AND ALKENES,ALKYNES

ALKANES:

• these are also called paraffin.
• alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons.
• the formula of alkanes (CnH2n+2).
• when the H atom is removed from the alkane then it is replaced by the name of alkyl.
• the formula for alkyl is (Cn H2n+1).
• the carbon atom in it shows the sp3 hybridization.
• the bond length is equal to 1.54°A.

ALKENES:

• these are also called as olefins means form oil products.
• it possess a double bond between them.
• the formula is (CnH2n).
• the carbon atom in it shows the sp2 hybridization.
• the bond length is equal to 1.34°A.

ALKYNES:

• these are also called as acetylenes.
• the formula for this is (Cn H2n-2).
• the carbon atom in it possesses a triple bond and also shows the linear shape means it is in an sp hybridization.
• the bond length is equal to 1.20°A.